Markets | Thu Aug 20, 2015 10:42pm EDT
Related: China
China August factory activity shrinks to six and a half year low as orders tumble
BEIJING
Employees work along a production line of a textile factory in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, China, June 13, 2015. Reuters/China Daily
Activity in China's factory sector shrank at its fastest pace in almost 6-1/2 years in August as domestic and export demand dwindled, a private survey showed, adding to worries that the world's second-largest economy may be slowing sharply.
China's surprise devaluation of the yuan last week and a near-collapse in its stock markets in early summer have sparked fears that it could be at risk of a hard landing which would hammer world growth, sending financial markets into a tailspin.
Japanese Economics Minister Akira Amari said on Friday he expected China's government to take steps to prevent its economic slowdown from becoming a global problem.
The preliminary Caixin/Markit China Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) stood at 47.1 in August, well below a Reuters poll median of 47.7 and down from July's final 47.8.
The reading was the worst since March 2009, in the depths of the global financial crisis, and the sixth straight one below the 50-point level, which separates growth in activity from contraction on a monthly basis.
The flash PMI, the earliest economic measure to be released about China each month, is closely followed by global investors for clues on the health of the economy.
"The poor number confirms what higher frequency data has been suggesting, that more weakness in the economy is likely," said economist Chester Liaw at Forecast Pte Ltd in Singapore.
"The authorities claimed that there will be a rebound in demand in the second half but it appears that the opposite is happening. With H1 GDP scraping the bottom of the barrel at 7 percent, the authorities will have a fight on their hands to ensure that H2 GDP comes in at even the same level."
A detailed breakdown of the activity survey showed conditions were deteriorating on almost every level, with factory output sinking to a near four-year low, domestic and export orders declining at a faster rate than in July and companies laid off more workers.
U.S. Federal Reserve policymakers discussed China, Greece's debt crisis and the weak state of the global economy at their last meeting in July, according to minutes of the meeting released this week. But analysts still expect the U.S. central bank to raise interest rates later this year.
U.S. stock futures SPc1 fell sharply after the PMI report and most Asian stock markets and the Australian dollar AUD=D4 extended early losses. Overnight on Wall Street, the S&P 500 .SPX sank to a more than six-month low on concerns about how China's slowdown would impact U.S. firms' earnings and global growth.
GROWING RISKS
Chinese authorities have struggled to stabilize the country's stock markets after a near-collapse in early summer, and stunned financial markets this month by devaluing the yuan CNY=CFXS by nearly 2 percent.
The central bank said the yuan move was a technical one and part of a reform process, but many investors fear the currency will be allowed to depreciate further amid political pressure to shore up flagging exports, risking a global currency war.
The gloomy PMI figure followed other official data last week that showed growth in China's factory output, investment and retail sales were all weaker than expected in July, dashing hopes that the economy was finally stabilizing after a flurry of support measures over the last year, including four interest rate cuts and a massive stock market rescue.
Analysts have warned that China will struggle to meet its official economic growth target of 7 percent this year if it doesn't ratchet up policy support to combat cooling activity.
Some economists believe current growth levels are already closer to half that.
New orders, a proxy for local and foreign demand, slumped to a three-year low, while new export orders shrank to their worst level since June 2013.
A dearth in new business caused factory output to shrink for a fourth consecutive month to hit a trough of 46.6, a level not seen since November 2011 and down from July's 47.1. As sales sag, the survey showed factories were cutting staff at a faster pace to rein in costs, depressing employment to a level not seen since the 2008/09 global crisis.
With demand so lackluster, factories struggled again with deflationary pressure. Input prices fell for the 13th straight month, reflecting lower commodities prices, but output prices slid at their fastest rate in seven months as manufacturers were forced to slash prices amid fiercer competition.
SOFT OUTLOOK
The latest PMI will reinforce bets that China must increase government spending, cut interest rates again and relax banks' reserve requirements to get the economy back on an even keel.
To worsen matters, Chinese financial markets have suffered unprecedented turbulence lately, further denting investor and consumer confidence.
Chinese shares tanked as much as a third during a selloff last month. That shakeout also raised fears of tighter credit supply for companies, as state-controlled banks shifted their funding priorities to supporting the stock market instead.
Equity and currency markets have also been hit by volatility after the yuan devaluation.
A devastating explosion last week in the northern port of Tianjin, the world's 10th largest, flattened a big industrial area, though analysts at Capital Economics estimated disruptions on a national level to be "transitory and small".
(Reporting by Beijing Newsroom and Koh Gui Qing; Editing by Richard Borsuk & Kim Coghill)
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