Live coverage from Norway as details of Anders Behring Breivik's victims begin to emerge and his lawyer tells reporters that his client seems to be "insane".
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(Clockwise from top left) Hanne Kristine Fridtun, Tore Eikeland, Hanne Lovile and Rafal Yasin
By Tom Chivers and Raf Sanchez
9:00PM BST 26 Jul 2011
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• Anders Breivik is on suicide watch, Norwegian police say
• Killer 'took drugs before attack to make him strong'
• Breivik lawyer says client 'insane' and 'believes he is in a war'
• Breivik 'will take psychological tests or find a new lawyer'
• Police release first four names of victims of twin attacks
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21.00 That's all from us tonight. For the latest on the aftermath of the Norway shooting and Anders Behring Breivik, you can follow The Telegraph on our Norway page or at Telegraph News. Good night.
20.41 Canada's Global News has an interesting profile on the Knights Templar, the group that Breivik claims to be a member of.
The knights, who wore white tunics adorned with red crosses, played an important role in some major victories against Muslim forces. However, the Crusades started turning against the Europeans in the second half of the 13th century. Ultimately, the knights were forced out of the Holy Land and they returned to Western Europe.
Who are the Medieval knights embraced by the alleged mass murderer in #Norway? Click here to find out. http://ow.ly/5NU4k #Oslobomb
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20.38 Anders Behring Breivik emailed his 1,500-page "manifesto" to 250 British contacts less than 90 minutes before he detonated a bomb in Oslo.
Scotland Yard’s domestic extremism unit, which is investigating Breivik’s British links, has been sent a list of UK-based email addresses among 1,003 recipients of the document.
Breivik joined online conversations with members of the Right-wing English Defence League, telling them to “keep up the good work” in the months before he killed 76 people in Norway’s worst terrorist outrage.
The Telegraph reports that he was told he would be welcome at EDL demonstrations, and wrote about visiting Bradford and London. He is also reported to have attended an EDL rally in Newcastle.
19.36 Anders Behring Breivik was "surprised" he was able to carry on shooting students on Utoya island for 90 minutes before police eventually caught up with him, according to his solicitor, who has said he regarded his client as "insane". Read Gordon Rayner and Duncan Gardham's full account of the latest regarding the legal case in Norway.
19.23 Another survivor tale. Marianne Bremnes, who was in northern Norway at the time of the shootings, kept in touch with her 16-year-old daughter, Julie, as she hid under a rock in the water just off the shore of Utoya, via text message.
Here are some of the extracts:
17.42 Julie: Mummy, tell the police that they must hurry. People are dying here!
Marianne: I'm working on it, Julie. The police are coming. Dare you call me?
Julie: No
Julie: Tell the police that there is a mad man running around and shooting people.
Julie: They must hurry!
19.14 Herman Holmøy Heggertveit, an 18-year-old on Utoya island, has spoken of his quite extraordinary escape from death. He fled to a beach with a group of teenagers after hearing shots before seeing a figure he thought was a policeman coming to rescue him. He only escaped by jumping in the water.
When I saw his lack of interest I knew something was wrong, he seemed distant and uninterested in what I said," he said.
His focus was in a totally different place, it was on us.
He seemed to be very calm and quite satisfied at having found us.
In the next second he raised his weapon and pointed it at some of the girls in the group.
19.11 Norwegian PM Jens Stolenberg is speaking to Robin Lustig on BBC World Tonight on Radio 4 at 10pm, in which he will discuss extreme nationalism and how to deal with it in the aftermath of the massacre.
#norway PM Jens Stoltenberg tells me will have to deal with extreme nationalism once mourning is over. Full interview @bbcworldtonight 10pm
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19.05 Twitter users are being urged to stop using the social media site for one minute on Friday in order to create an ‘Online One Minute Silence’ in honour of those who died in Norway. The planned mark of respect is being dubbed a "Twinute Silence".
19.00 Polish officials have denied reports that a man had been detained in the country connected to Friday's deadly attacks.
Earlier it was reported that Polish prosecutors had questioned an owner of a Polish fetilizer company, based in the southwest city of Wroclaw, about his contacts with Breivik. Polish authorities have now denied however that they had made any detentions or charged anybody.
18.50 The father of one of the first victims of the Norway massacre to be named by police said his son was full of love for people and for the outdoors - and his last words were "Dad, someone is shooting." Norwegian police have released the names of the first four of at least 76 killed. The list included Gunnar Linaker, 23, from Bardu in northern Norway, who was killed by Anders Behring Breivik at the Labour Party youth camp on Utoya island. Gunnar's father told Associated Press that his son was "a calm, big teddy bear with lots of humor and lots of love." Mr Linaker said he had been on the phone with his son concerning another matter when the shooting started. "He said to me: 'Dad, dad, someone is shooting,' and then he hung up."
18.33 Barack Obama, the US President, has extended his condolences over the massacre in Oslo during an unannounced trip to the Norwegian ambassador's residence in Washington. Mr Obama wrote in a condolence book:
We are all heartbroken by the tragic loss of so many people particularly youth with the fullness of life ahead of them.
18.00 Europol says it is updating its database of extreme far right activities in Europe, following Friday's shooting.
The agency set up an operations centre shortly after the twin attacks with around 50 experts in intelligence gathering, explosives and terror ready to give immediate advice and support to the Norwegian authorities.
17.41 Barack Obama and Joe Biden, the President and vice-president of the United States respectively, have visited the Norwegian embassy in Washington to offer their condolences, according to a White House spokesman.
17.36 The first four victims whose names have been released by the police are given as:
• Gunnar Linaker, a 23-year-old man from Bardu, killed in Utoya
• Tove Ashill Knutsen, a 56-year-old woman from Oslo, killed in the government quarter in Oslo
• Hanna M Orvik Endresen, an 61-year-old woman from Oslo, killed in the government quarter in Oslo
• Kai Hauge, a 32-year-old man from Oslo, killed in the government quarter in Oslo
17.25 Oslo florists report that they all sold out of flowers yesterday, as 100,000 or more people bought them for the rally in the city last night.
17.21 Photos of the young Anders Breivik have been surfacing. Here's one of him when he was a teenager:
Photo: ALLOVER NORWAY/REX FEATURES)
And another of him as a child:
17.18 Stephen Lennon, the head of the far-Right English Defence League, has said that while he does not condone Breivik's rampage, "people have to listen" to the fact that "so many people are scared":
People should look at what happened in Oslo and understand that there is growing anger in Europe. You suppress people's rights, you suppress people's voices and people will just continue to go underground - but that doesn't make the problem go away.
17.12 Katharine Birbalsingh, our blogger and a former comprehensive school teacher, writes that Anders Breivik's father has a lot to answer for:
Anders Breivik is not the only one to shirk responsibility. Jens Breivik says he does not “feel like his father”. Oh really? I wonder whether he felt like Anders’ father when he abandoned both him and his mother to marry another woman? I wonder whether he thought about his son’s peace of mind when he thought it best to move to Paris and then put his son through the ordeal of a custody battle where he and his new wife fought to take him from his mother and half-sister (his mother had a daughter when she married his father) and his homeland, in order to attempt to raise him in Paris? Anders was only one year old at the time his parents separated with his father treating him like some kind of football. Such traumatic events in a child’s life so early on can have life-long effects.
17.00 The Norwegian police are releasing the names of some of the dead on their website now (6pm Oslo time). However, the website (www.politi.no) seems to have crashed, possibly due to the volume of interest.
16.57 As well as Japanese culture, Breivik's manifesto hailed the Indian Hindu nationalist movement Hindutva, according to The Hindu newspaper:
India figures in a remarkable 102 pages of the sprawling 1,518-page manifesto. Breivik's manifesto says his Justiciar Knights “support the Sanatana Dharma movements and Indian nationalists in general.” In section 3.158 of the manifesto, he explains that Hindu nationalists “are suffering from the same persecution by the Indian cultural Marxists as their European cousins.”
Thanks to Liberal Conspiracy's Sunny Hundal on Twitter for pointing that out.
16.51 Something I missed earlier in the rush: according to Geir Lippestad, Anders Behring Breivik is unaware of the impact of his attacks, and asked the lawyer how many people he killed:
He asked me if was if I was shocked and if I could explain to him what happened. He didn't know if he had succeeded with his plan.
16.46 Breivik used online war games as "training", according to his manifesto:
I just bought Modern Warfare 2, the game. It is probably the best military simulator out there and it's one of the hottest. I see MW2 more as part of my training-simulation than anything else.
16.39 David Mac Dougall of AP reports that Anders Behring Breivik may have had a second Twitter account - @S_Jorsalfare, seemingly a reference Sigmund Jolsefare, the 12th-century Norwegian king whose name he apparently used as an alias in onine forums.
His first, set up just days before the attacks, contained only one tweet, which misquoted John Stuart Mill: "One person with a belief is equal to the force of 100,000 who have only interests."
16.23 The Polish chemist from whom Anders Behring Breivik bought bomb components says that the Norwegian appeared to be a normal businessman. Lukasz Mikus told AP:
Anders was only my customer but because of that I have a big mess. He was an absolutely normal customer with normal questions. There was nothing strange in his emails.
16.12 Oslo Cathedral surrounded by a sea of flowers, via Markus Karlsson of France24:
16.00 Tove Oevermo, Anders Behring Breivik's stepmother, says that the killer was an apparently normal young man. She told AP:
He was just an ordinary Norwegian, a well-behaved boy. You can't put all of this together really. I saw no sign of him being a person like he must have been. It's really such a shock. He felt like a happy, normal child. We had a very good connection, and we liked being together, even when he was a small child. I got the impression he really liked me.
15.52 Police reiterate that they can't rule out Breivik's claim that there are two other cells, but the main theory is still that he acted alone.
15.42 The Norwegian Labour Party’s general secretary, Raymond Johansen, says Utoya will be used again for summer camps:
There will be a time for the close members of the families who lost loved ones to return to the island where they can mourn privately. This will not be a public ceremony but will help them with the grieving process. At a later date there will also be a memorial on the island in memory of those whose lives were taken so cruelly
The island should remain a venue for our summer camps as it is a symbol for the people – and what Breivik did to the island was an assault on democracy and freedom of expression. To close the island would make him – and not us – the victor.
People mourn at a memorial in front of Utoya island. (Photo: REUTERS)
15.36 The English language press conference has begun. The police are asked about the other "cells" in his "organisation":
He mentioned them in his manifesto and he talked about them in his hearing. Naturally we will investigate them, but we cannot talk about them specifically now.
Could they have moved faster, he is asked. He says local police requested assistance from the Oslo elite force eight minutes after first call. It was an hour's drive to Utoya, and that the police seized Breivik within two minutes of arriving on the island: "We always want to do better, but it is difficult to see how we could do better in this case".
He says that Breivik's thoughts are "very difficult to understand", so the fact that Breivik expected the police to apprehend him more quickly is not of concern to them.
15.29 Searchlight, the anti-fascist magazine, says that Breivik called the English Defence League a "blessing", wished to attend its rallies, and may have posted on its websites. He was also apparently in touch with the Norwegian equivalent, the NDL, and used the pseudonym Sigurd Jorsalfare, after the 12th century King of Norway who led one of the Crusades. The posts which are believed to be him read:
Hello. To you all good English men and women, just wanted to say that you're a blessing to all in Europe, in these dark times all of Europe are looking to you in surch of inspiration, courage and even hope that we might turn this evil trend with islamisation all across our continent. Well, just wanted to say keep up the good work it's good to see others that care about their country and heritage.
i've seen with my own eyes what has happened to england, i was in bradford some years ago, me and a friend walked down to the football stadium of bradford, real 'nice' neighborhood, same thing in the suburbs of london. well thinking about taking a little trip over the sea and join you in a demo. would be nice with a norwegian flag alongside with union jack or the english flag, that is if a norwegian would be welcome offcourse?
In his manifesto, Breivik said he used the pseudonym, writing: "Everyone is using code names; mine is Sigurd (the Crusader)."
15.26 Here's Geir Lippestad earlier saying that his client is most likely insane:
15.19 Is Breivik on suicide watch? And were the photos of him taken by professional photographers?
On the first question, in cases of this nature, I can confirm we have him on suicide watch. I don't want to get into the second matter.
15.08 Now he's answering questions in Norwegian. Here are a few:
• How many people are still missing?
Well, we have told you how we want to release names of the victims. We will also notify you about missing people and wounded people in the same manner. We want to make sure we have the quality assurance in place when it comes to releasing numbers here.
• There have been reports that there were two more buildings that had bombs.
There were many buildings checked out by the police, and we haven't found any more explosives. But we can't answer you specifically on many of the questions. When the suspect is interrogated next time, you will get more information. We are currently investigating what he said during previous investigations.
• You're saying that you are going to release names this evening? Every day for how long?
How many we release depends on how many families we are able to notify today.
• The defence attorney had a press conference. Any comments?
We are at the moment looking at setting up a medical team to examine the suspect's sanity.
15.00 The police spokesman is giving a statement. I've taken down the best transcript I could get of the BBC's translation, but apparently they will be repeating the press conference in English shortly, so we may learn more.
• On identifying victims:
The work on identifying the victims is going on, and we have received some confirmed names. We have a process of notifying the families first before we release the names to you. There's an ongoing process here and the victims are being identified by their local police district. The police understands that you are impatient when it comes to getting the names of the victims, but we have tio fuirst and foremost consider the families.
At 6pm Norwegian time, we will release the first names of the victims, on the website www.politi.no. We will publish the name, age and address of the victims. Every day, from now on, until we have complete list, we will send out a release at 6pm on our website, together with a press release.
• On the ongoing search for bodies and on the situation in Utoya and Oslo:
We have a couple of issues that we'd like to talk to you about. First, Utoya. It's a very demanding investigative operation here. We have the most advanced technology at hand, and nothing will be left undone in this case. We will do everything we can to find all missing people. We are going through the area and gradually opening up the area as we finish the search. The main site will remain closed for at least two weeks.
In Oslo, the unarmed police will be present, the armed police have been withdrawn. We will do our best to show our presence to make sure the city centre is safe. But people should not be worried about going about their daily business. If anything chagnes we will notify you straight away. We would like people to return to normal and come back to the city centre; we saw a good example of that yesterday with the flower rally, with over 100,000 people yesterday.
• On the criticism over police helicopters:
Second, the police helicopters. This is an issue which has been taken out of context and blown out of all proportion. There is one helicopter which is dependent on weather conditions. I have talked to you about the capacity and we did use this one helicopter as part of the search. But our police helicopter does not have any capacity beyond that. It is normally stationed at Gardermoen airport. The Oslo police and the government is looking into how we can improve this capacity, and there will be a hearing in the autumn. WE don't want to take part in this debate any further.
• On criticism of the police:
Finally I'd like to say, generally speaking, this case is very demanding, and a big burden for all of us. Yesterday we said thank you to the public and to all those who were directly involved as victims. We said a big thank you to them. The dignity they showed during yesterday's rally where we had over 100,000 people present was wonderful. We had a number of vigils, all carried out with much dignity. We don't mind being criticised, but behind our uniforms is the average Norwegian citizen with feelings. We can take criticism but we are human beings underneath our uniforms.
14.51 The police are to give a press conference shortly in Oslo.
14.45 The Russian prime minister, Vladimir Putin, has moved to distance himself from Anders Behring Breivik after Breivik praised him in his manifesto. A spokesman for Putin said Breivik "was the devil incarnate" and went on:
He is absolutely insane and, no matter what he wrote or said, these are the ravings of a lunatic.
Breivik had called Putin "a fair and resolute leader worthy of respect", adding: "I'm unsure at this point whether he has the potential to be our best friend or our worst enemy," noting that Putin would have no choice but "to openly condemn us at this point."
14.25 Norway is to be invited to join European Union talks on the threat from the far Right, according to Michele Cercone, a spokesman for the EU. Interior ministers from EU nations are to meet in September, and Norway - a non-EU nation - has been invited to attend, while radicalisation and xenophobia have been added to the agenda:
The idea is to invite Norwegian authorities for possible follow-up ... so the ministers can share information on radicalisation, xenophobia. Compromise [on matters like restriction of sales of dangerous chemicals] is easier to reach after shocking events such as those in Norway
14.05 Speaking to Reuters, a Norwegian forensic psychiatrist, Yngve Ystad, has cast doubt on the idea that Anders Behring Breivik will be able to plead insanity:
In Norway you are not accountable for crime and getting sentenced to jail if you display a typical psychosis with hallucinations, delusional ideas or disturbances and this has been the case for a while.
I think it is very risky for me to make guesses in this case ... but I think it is natural to expect that this man will be found to have been not psychotic and not unconscious at the moment of the crime.
He had planned the crime and he was not in that way disturbed by psychotic or delusional ideas because this has been going on for a very long time and, according to the press, he has not been disturbed or suffered severe disturbances.
13.53 A Dutch blogger says that Google Translate - the web service I've used several times in this blog to translate pages - might have been hacked, to make Breivik's name appear as "refurbishment" or "renovation" in other European languages. Dirk Poot says that "all these translations give a very positive connotation to the name Breivik; in the light of his writings, even a darkly symbolic one". He gives the following examples:
• Norwegian to German: breivik <> Sanierung
• Norwegian to Dutch: breivik <> renovatie
• Norwegian to English: breivik <> refurbishment
• Norwegian to French: breivik <> rénovation
• Norwegian to Spanish: breivik <> remodelación
On other translation services, including Bing, the word Breivik has no translation, and the Norwegian speaker in our office, Thore Haugstad, says that it is not a word he is aware of, although "brei" means "wide". I've asked our tech desk for more information; they are extremely dubious that the Google Translate system can be hacked in this way, but have approached Google for a response. If anyone has any more information, do contact me at twitter.com/tomchivers or in the comments below.
13.46 Ketil B Stensrud tweets that a sonar vessel trawling the waters around Utoya island has found 10 "points" on the sea bottom, according to Norway's TV2. Stensrud continues: "Whether these 'points' are in fact bodies remains to be seen, but the search has at least been intensifying over the last hours."
13.41 And Raf Sanchez has filed a piece on Breivik's expectation that he would be killed before he reached Utoya island:
Mr Lippestad said: "He thought that he would be killed after the bombing, during the action on the island and he also thought he would be killed at trial. He believes that someone will kill him."
During interviews Breivik referred to "two cells in Norway, but several cells abroad" and said he thought more attacks would follow.
"He believes the other cells will continue the war. He looks upon himself as a warrior, and takes some kind of pride in starting this war," the lawyer said.
13.35 Gordon Rayner, our chief reporter, writes that Anders Breivik took drugs to make himself 'strong' before shooting:
He said his client had taken drugs before going on the rampage “to be strong, efficient and awake” and was “sorry that he had to do this but it was necessary because he is in a war”.
Asked to describe Breivik, Mr Lippestad said he is “a very cold person” but “I can’t describe him because he is not like anyone else”.
13.15 Breivik may oppose the idea of pleading insanity, Lippestad goes on, because he thinks he is the "only one who understands the truth".
13.05 Mr Lippestad also says that his client "seems to favour dictatorship, not democracy".
13.00 Clarification: I wrote earlier that Mr Lippestad said that Breivik will take the insanity defence. In fact, Mr Lippestad said that it is too early to say whether he will do so, but says that his client will take psychological tests or, if he won't take his advice, he can find a new lawyer. Mr Lippestad himself believes his client to be insane but says that it is a medical question.
12.48 Is Anders Behring Breivik insane? Dan Gardner, a columnist for the Ottawa Citizen and the author of Future Babble and Risk, says that everyone has rushed to say so, because we hope only insane people could behave like this:
But notice that in the torrent of tweets and comments about the atrocity, this common theme is seldom interrogated. What do we mean when we say Breivik is insane?
He’ll surely be subjected to an intense psychological evaluation, and this may well reveal mental disorder, but to date there is little to suggest Breivik is anything but perfectly lucid. His own lawyer says he is aware that what he did is “atrocious” but he felt it was “necessary” to attack a ruling party dedicated to multiculturalism and launch a Christian crusade against the Islamic jihad that supposedly threatens Europe. Those are the words of a fanatic, not a madman.
12.40 Bruno Waterfield, one of our foreign correspondents, writes that a Dutchman who had played online computer games with Breivik had received emails containing photos of the Norwegian posing with guns. Joeren Rink told De Telegraaf:
We talked about politics on occasion and I thought he was pretty radical. When he heard I had voted for Geert Wilders – he sent me a link. I only opened it this weekend and looked at it properly. Shocking. It contained loads of pages with propaganda, films and photos, including him, with guns.
12.36 Here's the full quote from Lippestad about Breivik expecting to die:
He thought he'd be killed after the bombing, after the action on the island, and he also thought he'd be killed at trial.
12.34 Further to Breivik's claim that there are other "cells" in his "organisation", a source close to the investigation has told Reuters:
We feel that the accused has fairly low credibility when it comes to this claim but none of us dare to be completely dismissive about it either.
12.23 Ed West, one of our bloggers, writes that the case of Anders Breivik shows how the internet pushes political views in extreme directions:
In his book Going to Extremes, Cass Sunstein noted that people’s peer groups could shift their political views in extreme directions, so that “social networks can operate as polarisation machines because they help to confirm and thus amplify people’s antecedent views”. In the age of the internet, where people can seek out like-minded souls across the world, this effect is amplified, the echo chamber impact of self-selecting peer groups driving some people to ever more extreme views.
12.15 That's that from Lippestad, who seemed very uncomfortable. We'll have some reaction to it shortly. First, here is a poignant picture gallery of the dead and the missing from Friday's attacks:
12.12 Does he expect another attack? "He believes this is the start of a war that will go on for 60 years. But his mind is very... I won't go on. He believes the other cells will continue the war. He looks upon himself as a warrior, and takes some kind of pride in starting this war."
12.11 Did he surrender to police? Why? "I can confirm that he surrendered, but I don't know yet why." Has he had any sort of injury from being manhandled by police? "No, no injury."
12.10 The other mooted cells are part of the "so-called Knights Templar movement". How did he trigger the bomb? "It's too complicated for me to answer."
12.09 Why did he go to Britain? "It's too early in the case, I don't know." How did he communicate with other cells? "I can't comment, because I don't know."
12.08 Is the "manifesto" biographically accurate? "I don't know." He would like to be able to read some of it during his court case, but "whether he will be allowed to, I don't know."
12.07 "In his mind, he succeeded", he says. "He expected to be stopped earlier in the day, for police to get to him at the time of the bombing. He was surprised to get to the island."
12.06 Shouldn't you tell him that you're a member of the Labour party, since he has shown so much hate towards it? "He hates everyone who is democratic. Everyone who is not extreme, he will hate."
12.05 Has he shown any empathy to the victims? "No. He's sorry he had to do it, but he had to do it because he is in a war." Lippestad hasn't asked why Breivik picked him as a lawyer, and that he [Lippestad] was "in shock" to receive the call.
12.04 Is he a warm person, or a cold person? "My point of view is that he is a very cold person." Is he psychotic? "I don't know."
12.03 Is it possible to get a fair trial, to find a jury of Norwegians who are not influenced? "No-one is not influenced, but it is my job to make sure the trial is fair", says Lippestad.
12.02 Lippestad says his client should be in hospital, not in prison. "It will be a long court case", he says, talking about how the insanity defence will go; it will take time to prove his client is insane. "The legal process is very important", he says.
11.59 Interesting: Lippestad is a member of the Labour Party. He says that as far as he knows Breivik does not know that.
11.58 "If he doesn't want to follow my advice he can get a new lawyer", says Lippestad, who says that he will be offering an insanity defence. Breivik took drugs before his attack on Friday, he says, to stay strong and awake.
11.57 Lippestad won't comment on whether he has received death threats since taking the case, saying that Norwegians are very "loving" people who believe in democracy.
11.56 "This whole case indicates that he is insane", says Lippestad, asked whether Breivik has done anything in prison that would suggest he is insane. "He believes he is in a war, that nobody understands him, but that in 60 years we will all understand him."
11.55 The main court hearing is normally public, but it is too early to say whether that will be the case here, says Lippestad.
11.54 "I can't describe him, he's not like anyone else", says Lippestad, when asked what Breivik is like and whether he is polite. He says it's too early to say what his defence will be.
11.52 Lippestad doesn't know if Breivik is a suicide watch, and says it is a medical question whether he is a suicide risk. His family have not asked to see him and he has seen no-one.
Geir Lippestad, the defence lawyer for Anders Behring Breivik
11.51 "He believes he is in a war", says Lippestad, explaining why he has admitted to carrying out the atrocities but still pleaded not guilty, "and in war you can do these things".
11.48 "It's too early to say anything about the case", says Geir Lippestad, asked about witnesses. He says that he was disappointed that yesterday's court hearing was closed.
Asked why Breivik looked tired, he says "He's exhausted. He's in a very special situation." He is being questioned, he goes on, but only in normal daylight hours. He is co-operating with police.
"He has a view on reality which is very rare", he says. He expected to be tortured by Norwegian police as a result of that view. He told the lawyer that he acted alone, but that there are other cells - so no-one from those cells helped him with this attack, if indeed they exist. Lippestad doesn't know where the police uniform came from, or where the other purported cells are.
11.44 Breivik's lawyer has said that his client expected to be killed on Friday, according to Channel 4's Carl Dinnen.
11.39 Henning Mankell, the author of Wallander, writes in The Guardian that Breivik's actions mark "a ghastly return of Übermensch mentality that was the mark of Hitler's Nazism", but warns Norway against a draconian response:
It may be impossible to completely defend oneself and one's country against these actions, but we must try. We must defend the open society, because if we start locking our doors, if we let fear decide, the person who committed the act of terror will win. He will have injected fear into our community. As Franklin D Roosevelt put it: "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
11.20 "The long process of identifying Anders Behring Breivik's victims begins", writes Raf Sanchez, who has provided a list of the names known so far.
Clockwise from top left) Hanne Kristine Fridtun, Tore Eikeland, Hanne Lovile and Rafal Yasin
11.12 The areas of Oslo that were closed after the bomb have now been reopened, according to Markus Karlsson, a Norwegian and the business editor of France24.com. People are walking around, inspecting the damage, he says. Meanwhile Michelle Shephard of the Toronto Star tweets that the scene outside the Oslo cathedral is "amazing to see: a street of flowers that just keeps coming".
11.00 Geert Wilders, the anti-Islamic Dutch politician, has also made a statement about Breivik. He says:
The manifesto makes it clear that the perpetrator is a madman. That the fight against Islam is violently abused by a psychopath is disgusting, a slap in the face of the global anti-Islamic movement. It fills me with disgust that the perpetrator refers to me and [Wilders's political party] the Freedom Party [PVV] in his manifesto. Neither PVV nor I are responsible for a lone idiot who twists and violently abuses the freedom-loving anti-Islamisation ideals. We are democrats at heart. The Freedom Party has never called for violence and never will do.
10.45 Erik Hellsborn, a Swedish far-Right politician, has said in his blog that "multiculturalism, immigration and Islamisation are to blame" for Breivik's actions.
What was it that really drove Behring Breivik? In the manifesto, he says very clearly: anxiety. Concern that multiculturalism and Islamisation threaten the Christian West's existence. In a Norwegian Norway, where the Left's preposterous dreams of a multicultural society had not taken root, this tragedy would never have happened. If there was no Islamisation and mass immigration, there would have been nothing to trigger Behring Breivik to do what he did.
The massacre in Norway may be the worst atrocity of Scandinavia since World War II, but this is no bolt from the blue. This is what multiculturalism is doing.
In a follow-up post, after he was accused of absolving Breivik of blame, Hellsborn said: "What has happened in Norway is terrible. Breivik is a loathsome human being. Breivik has the ultimate responsibility for what has happened. Anyone who believes that I think anything other than this is lying."
10.23 The Norwegian justice minister, Knut Storberget, has praised the "fantastic" work carried out by the police in stopping Breivik, despite the hour and a half it took them to get to the island and arrest him:
I had the opportunity to thank police in Oslo and other districts and other organs for their fantastic work. These are people who worked much harder than you could expect of anyone, these are people who interrupted their holidays and who volunteered to help from all parts of the country.
10.20 In his rambling manifesto, Anders Behring Breivik praised Japan as a "model country", according to the Japanese news agency Kyodo:
Breivik also commended Japan for not allowing many Muslims to immigrate, although the country has no ban on specific ethnic or religious groups.
Immigration is a sensitive topic in Japan, where many people worry that letting in more foreigners would mean more crime and less social cohesion while experts say that the country's shrinking, ageing population make opening up vital.
10.16 John Bingham, our reporter, emails to say that the Norwegian Labour Party is going to announce the plan for the future of Utoya island at 1pm Oslo time (noon BST), in Oslo. Presumably some sort of major memorial is being planned, but whether the island will continue as a base for party youth is not clear. We'll cover the announcement when it happens.
10.03 While we're rounding up coverage from elsewhere, here's Eugene Robinson in The Washington Post, talking about "Anders Behring Breivik and the influence industry of rage" - saying that anti-Muslim rhetoric in the press and blogosphere may have influenced Breivik:
In a 1,500-page screed setting out his philosophy, Breivik referred favorably to the work of several well-known anti-Muslim polemicists in the United States — zealots who usually boast of their influence but now, for some reason, seek to deny it...
[One blogger, Robert Spencer] responded that “the Breivik murders are being used to discredit all resistance to the global jihad and Islamic supremacism.” He sought to draw a parallel: “Charles Manson thought he heard instructions to kill in the Beatles song ‘Helter Skelter,’ and committed mass murder. There were no instructions to kill in the song.”
The comparison is absurd, of course. There’s nothing in “Helter Skelter” about Sharon Tate or any of Manson’s other victims; the angriest line is “You may be a lover but you ain’t no dancer.” Spencer’s oeuvre, by contrast, is all about how Muslims supposedly threaten all who love peace and freedom.
A Norwegian flag is held up amidst flowers as an estimated 100,000 people gather in Oslo town centre for a vigil following Friday's attacks. (Photo: GETTY)
09.50 The Financial Times asks whether, under the shiny "model society" image of Scandinavian nations, "a dark and venomous place exists" that gives rise to hatred like Breivik's - registration required:
Beyond the democratic parties of the populist right, Scandinavia is home to a more troublesome extremist fringe. Although many know of the darker side of modern Scandinavian life from the crime writing of Stieg Larsson, the Swedish author who died in 2004 spent much of his career monitoring the far right as editor of Expo, an anti-racism magazine. When Expo was set up in 1995, the far right was considered the dominant violent threat to Sweden. Indeed, a spate of attacks by Swedish neo-Nazis came in the years that followed, including the car bombing of a journalist who had investigated the white supremacist movement. But after the September 2001 assault on the US, attention switched to Islamic extremism.
09.43 The Guardian has run an opinion piece by Gavan Titley and Alana Lentin, saying that politicians and columnists are wrong to claim that Anders Behring Breivik has merely had an "aberrant reaction to understandable provocation":
The political class should reflect before responding to the tragedy in Norway, particularly when "austerity" politics may make the scapegoating of immigrant-descended and Muslim groups worse. No easy connections can be made between the recorded thoughts of a killer and the complex circulation of political ideas. However, writers who have consistently warned of the need to defend an ailing civilisation have questions to answer when a massacre is explicitly justified in their terms. And mainstream politicians, content to lazily peddle an exaggerated story of multicultural excess and Muslim difference are not exempt from this criticism.
09.32 VG, the Norwegian tabloid, has a moving collage of the faces of the known victims so far on its home page - here's the translated page. They also say, defiantly, "Evil can kill a man, but never defeat a whole people", over a story saying that 200,000 people turned out in Oslo to honour those who died on Friday.
9.22 Employees from the Justice Ministry are still missing, four days after the attacks on Oslo and Utoya.
Justice Minister Knut Storberget said the department "has people who are missing, we have people who are very hard hit by this and we are without offices."
Police are continuing to search for several people missing from both scenes.
9.12 Breivik may have poisoned the bullets he used to massacre teenagers at the Labour Party youth camp, it has been reported. In his manifesto, he makes reference to ordering nicotine that he planned to inject into the rounds to cause maximum damage.
3-4 drops will be injected in hollow point rifle bullets which will effectively turn it into a lethal chemical weapon.
"I specifically instructed the Chinese supplier to send the package by courier to my company name, with extra wrapping and chemical labelling."
A police source in Oslo told the Daily Mail that police were still carrying out toxicology tests on the recovered bullets. We already knew that he had used dum-dum rounds - bullets designed to explode inside the body causing enormous internal damage.
9.05 Michael Morpurgo has written a piece in The Times (£) with suggestions on what the people of Britain can do to support Norway.
At Christmas time every year, in solidarity with us after the terrible years of the Second World War, the Norwegians send us a Christmas tree to put up in Trafalgar Square. Wouldn’t it be an idea if we offered to plant a tree on that island, as a symbol of our solidarity with the Norwegian people?
We share their stories, their pain and their hope.
9.02 The Norwegian tabloid VG has obtained footage showing people fleeing the centre of Olso in the moments after Breivik's bomb detonated.
9.01 Norwegian police could seek to charge Breivik with crimes against humanity, which can carry a maximum of 30 years in prison.
Police spokesman Sturla Henreiksboe said: "Police have so far cited... the law on terrorism but seeking other charges has not been excluded."
9.01 The leader of the English Defence League, Stephen Lennon, has been forced to deny his organisation had any formal links with Breivik, despite some of his members admitting they had met with him.
Speaking on Newsnight last night, Lennon said:
He's ideologically so far apart from us, he called us naive fools. Our relationship with this man is completely opposite - we encourage integration.
We should be trying to learn from this... this man was a sick individual you could never use attacks like he did.
9.01 British police are still hunting for a man known as Richard that Breivik describes as his "assigned mentor" and claims to have met in London in 2002. Last night, the Daily Telegraph went in search of a right-wing blogger named Paul Ray, who blogs as the Lionheart. Duncan Gardham reports:
The Lionheart closed his blog on Thursday, but reopened it on Sunday to post: “A crackpot killing innocent Norwegian children in the name of anti-government politics. The extreme far-right of the political spectrum that has no place in modern civilised society.”
In Bedfordshire, a man answering to the name Paul Ray said "I haven't got anything to hide".
Shown a picture that appeared to be him with the caption Lionheart, Mr Ray said: “That’s not me.”
He denied knowing Breivik or writing a blog.
Ray had initially denied any involvement in Right-wing politics.
9.00 Around 100,000 people marched through Olso for peace last night - some say as many as 200,000. Each brought a single rose. Moving footage here:
9.00 Breivik could be held in one of the world's most progressive prisons, where inmates enjoys cells equipped with flat screen televisions, minifridges and designer-style furniture. I've done a little profile of Halden Fengsel prison:
The jail is spread over 75 acres of woodland just outside Oslo and facilities include a sound studio, jogging trails and a two-bedroom house separate from the main facility where convicts can stay with their families during overnight visits.
Guards move around the prison unarmed and often play sports or eat meals with the men they are tasked with watching. Half of the prison staff are women, a policy based on research which shows a female presence induces a less aggressive atmosphere.
In a far cry from the brutalist set up of British or American prisons, there is even a "kitchen laboratory" where inmates can take specialist cooking courses.
9.00 Andrew Gilligan warns that the West must not be complacent about Islamist terror in the wake of Breivik's attack.
Clearly, the number killed by Anders Behring Breivik is greater than in any single Islamist terror attack in the UK; and equally clearly, the murderer was motivated by hatred of Muslims.
This cannot, however, have been his main motive, or he surely would have taken his assault rifle to an Oslo mosque, rather than an island of white teenagers.
To even suggest equivalence between years of Islamist terror and the far Right, based on a single, awful case, is deeply dangerous and false.
8.59 Breivik's father has said the gunman should have turned the gun on himself, John Bingham reports:
Jens Breivik, a retired diplomat who served at the country’s London embassy, said that he would have to live with the shame of his son’s actions for the rest of his life adding: “No one normal could do that.”
The 76, year-old, who now lives in the south of France, admitted that it was a hard thing for a father to think his own son should be dead but said he was filled with “despair” at what he had done.
“I think that ultimately he should have taken his own life rather than kill so many people,” he said in the interview with Norway’s TV2 channel.
8.58 It was revealed that Breivik had come to the attention of Norway's intelligence service in March when he bought a large quantity of chemicals from a Polish company. Nick Meo files from Oslo:
However, they failed to discover his bomb plot and appear to have done nothing to check why he wanted the chemicals or to have monitored him in the months before he launched his murderous rampage.
Janne Kristiansen head of the Norwegian Police Security Service (PST), said that Breivik’ came to police’s attention because of a purchase from a Polish business selling chemicals, but the incident was judged too insignificant to warrant a follow-up.
“In March, we received ... a list of 50-60 names and his name was on it because he spent 120 krone (15 euros or 22 dollars) at a business in Poland, the head of the PST, which reports directly to the ministry of justice, told Norway’s public television channel NRK.
“This business was under surveillance because it was selling other chemical products.”
8.57 Neil Tweedie describes the scene in central Oslo as Breivik appeared before a court for the first time
Outside the court thousands of Breivik’s countrymen gathered to express outrage at his actions, with some calling for his execution. To ensure the killer’s safety he was driven to court in a fast-moving convoy of police jeeps, arriving via an underpass closed to the public. Wearing a pink T-shirt and red Lacoste sweater, Breivik wore a satisfied smile as he was photographed sitting in the back of one vehicle.
“Everyone here wants him dead,” said Alexander Roeine, 24, a friend of one of the dead.
People stood on the tables of cafes with a view of the court’s underground carpark in the hope of catching a glimpse of Breivik. One young woman said: “We want to show him that this our city, not his; that we are many and he is one.”
8.57 The shocking scenes in Norway have prompted a review of Britain's policies towards the threat of extreme nationalism. Robert Winnett reports:
The Prime Minister has asked the security services and police to consider their scrutiny of groups such as the English Defence League and report any concerns or recommendations to the Government’s National Security Council (NSC).
Broader issues such as the licensing of firearms and the supply of ammunition and fertilisers which can be used for bombs will also be scrutinised.
Security officials have been asked to study contingency plans to ensure that adequate measures are in place to react to any “copycat” shooting spree by an extremist in this country.
The Prime Minister ordered the urgent work yesterday morning at a meeting of the NSC which was dominated by discussions over the Norwegian atrocity.
8.56 Anders Behring Breivik, the self-confessed killer, had made contact with the far-right English Defence League and warned that there were "two more cells" prepared to carry out attacks. Gordon Rayner and Mark Hughes report:
Breivik was understood to have met leaders of the EDL in March last year when he came to London for the visit of Geert Wilders, the Dutch Right-wing politician. Daryl Hobson, who organises EDL demonstrations, said Breivik, who told police there were “two more cells” ready to follow him, had met members of the group.
Another senior member of the EDL said Breivik had been in regular contact with its members via Facebook, and had a “hypnotic” effect on them.
Scotland Yard was investigating Breivik’s claims that he began his deadly “crusade” after being recruited to a secret society in London, and that he was guided by an English “mentor”. David Cameron, who was being kept updated on developments, said Breivik’s claims were being taken “extremely seriously”.
Breivik wrote of having strong links with the EDL, saying he had met its leaders and had 600 EDL members as Facebook friends.
8.50BST (9.50 Norway) Good morning and welcome back to our live blog, bringing you all the latest developments from the tragedy in Norway.
Previous coverage
Norway terrorist attacks: July 25
Norway terrorist attacks: July 24
Norway terrorist attacks: July 23
Oslo explosion: July 22
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Showing 25 of 5052 comments
afortiori
6 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person The Telegraph refer to the EDL as "far right" above. Next they'll be using words like "Islamophobia". Come on guys, you're not The Guardian, you know better than this.
________ sean mark
1 minute agoThere are many things wrong with some of the quote and statements above. I find his dad getting the blame for a relationship breakdown is representative of some of the madness of today and the further attempts to discredit the EDL despite Anders manifesto stating his final view of the EDL and being discussed on newsnight. Ignorance or propaganda, it is still unworthy of the DT.
sean mark
15 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person http://histclo.com/country/afr...
Just in case anyone accuse the fear as phobic.
________ londinium
7 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person The story about Sudan is very important because it reflects pretty much exactly how Islamization creeps into a society and eventually tries to take over:
"The non-Muslim largely Christian majority in the south feared domination by the Arab north. Under Egyptian-British rule a secular regime was in force. Once independent, the Arabs would be able to impose Sharia on the south. And this is precisely what occurred. The more numerous Muslim Arabs attempted to transform the Sudan into a fundamentalist Islamic state, including the Christian south. This developed into a full-blown civil war when insurgent groups in Equatoria fielded combat units to prevent Muslim domination and Islamization."
UK in the future?
Lorne Cartlidge
19 minutes agoRecommended by
3 peoplechoudrys islamo fascists muslims against crusades will march in london on saturday for a muslim caliphate in the uk...be interesting if the guardian gets worked up about this..
________ londinium
16 minutes agoRecommended by
4 peopleBad time chosen by him right now! Actually, I hope someone will jump that fucker and beat the shit out of him. Choudary is vermin. The government should pay Yemen for exclusive citizenship for Choudary and send that garbage there.
sean mark
28 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person For all those who think opposing immigration and Islam is vile and evil and demonise any who dare be honest enough to say they do might I suggest you go and live in Alum Rock for a month or two. And if you survive that Tower Hamlets for a month or two. Take your wife and daughters and tell them to treat it like a free country and there is nothing to be of concern to them or yourself whilst you are there.
Do that and then come back and see if you still think the same.
You're all at it on the MSM, but I bet not one of you have lived through having your street and town becoming Islamic and having "No whites after 8 o clock" on the lamp posts on your streets. Where it is unsafe for you and your family to venture out. You can criticise all you wish but until you live it and see it for yourself you are all talking out your ****holes.
The really tragic thing is that your actions only increase the chance of your childrens children living it wherever they go.
orwashepushed
38 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person A small population spread over a large area like Norway are trusting and naive. They rely and depend on each other in a way we wouldn't comprehend. If the bus or train doesn't turn up or the shop isn't open there are real problems. I spent holidays in my early youth over winter in a village just outside Gjovik, mid Norway and the trust you place in your neighbour and the community are quite profound. We don't have kinship and a responsibility for others like they have there and that defines the two nations. Women and children walked the streets unhindered or at least they did in the early eighties and if that fragile way of life has been damaged by immigrants then at some point or other - something will happen. A similar lifestyle I believe exists in Sweden. The grief the Nordic governments appear to be wielding upon their nationals has now materialised and from this point may not be confined to Scandinavia
________ londinium
30 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person Exactly. Well put. Immigrants basically destroyed the innocence of these countries. They brought the same shit mentality from their home countries that caused all problems there, and planted them into these new societies.
________________ orwashepushed
9 minutes agoWe are talking about a medieval culture in a very modern society. The Norwegians fought hard for their independence and built their nation into what we see today. The past 100 years have been a very long haul. All immigrants want a large piece of this success but unfortunately will not integrate into this success, therefore the country goes backwards. Hard to take after a lifetimes work and we see this here.
________________ londinium
11 seconds agoWafa Sultan has death threats for these facts:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v...
Mark Anthony
48 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person http://images.memegenerator.ne...
________ londinium
40 minutes agoWhat a dreaful picture! Why are you posting this?
________________ Mark Anthony
12 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person Hook line and sinker.
I can see you through your web cam....!
http://images.memegenerator.ne...
_________________ londinium
2 minutes agoIf only... What a bundle of grace and masculinity.
londinium
Today 09:45 PMRecommended by
1 person I found his video 'compendium' on this link:
http://www.liveleak.com/view?i...
________ Chris Wilton
51 minutes agoand to view comments, add to the end of that link "&comments=1".
e.g.
http://www.liveleak.com/view?i...
Great thing about liveleak is that they do not censor debate.
________________ londinium
41 minutes agoHe must have killed those innocent kids just to keep people perplex long enough until they want to read his manifesto. I simply cannot see any other motive, but to shake people up enough to make them react?
Had he just attacked some innocent immigrants, it may have been too predictable and people would not have paid as much attention.
hives
Today 09:11 PMRecommended by
10 peopleThis attack or something like it has been in the offing for years. The tensions set up by unrestrained immigration have been the perfect breeding ground.
If anyone thinks the security services can stop this then they had better let them know as I don't think they have a clue. A loner with a grudge can easily obtain the materials for mass terror, if not in their home country then abroad.
Unless the root cause which is making so many people worried is tackled, its just a matter of time before the next atrocity.
________ sean mark
42 minutes agoRecommended by
1 person So far the only thing that seems to be happening is a demonisation of the EDL by the MSM and I fear we will become even more of a police state as a result without any of the underlying problems addressed.
The EDL without doubt does attract far right extremists but if anyone cares to read their website you will see many members denounce racists and extremists when they post their bile and the majority of its members are peaceful non violent people who are fearful of the rise of Islam in this country.
I truly cannot believe how I and others are being demonised in the MSM. It is terrifying seeing how the machine works and only is solidifying my belief that Anders is accurate in much of what he says.
I do not condone violence and am not pond life or a right wing extremist but I think I am now living in a world gone mad.
Was it ever sane I wonder.
________ 0memiserum
58 minutes agoThis argument is like the doctrine of pre-destination. That doctrine is rubbish as if you will forgive me is your analysis.
To kill 86 people is wrong. You know that and so do I. No matter what the pressure, can you imagine yourself doing what he did? I presume the answer is no.
If the answer is no, then how please can you even begin to justify what he did by saying that immigration is the trigger? Even if he had concerns about immigration, these do not go anyway near excusing or explaining the killing of children.
Surely you have heard the testimony of some of the survivors. Children begged him not to shoot. They were murdered. Not only that but the forensic examiner has explained that the bullets were adapted so that not only did they cause the worst injuries possible, they also caused the maximum pain. This to children.
Look at their photographs. They were children. Nothing can excuse what was done. Nothing.
This was a crime against humanity and should be prosecuted as such.
________________ hives
9 minutes agoI am not justifying what he did, that is impossible. I am merely pointing out that without addressing the underlying causes this may well happen again.
You may disagree that immigration is a problem which is your right but I believe it is and is creating the tensions that make these atrocities more likely.
________________ londinium
48 minutes agoBut WHY did he kill all these innocent people? They were his own countrymen. And most were only kids. Why exactly would he do that? Makes no sense with his ideologies. Unless he wanted to make everyone wonder why, just to make them curious for more impact to bring his message across. Like the press and the readers are curious every day what on earth motivated him to commit such a hideous crime?
________________ Chris Wilton
49 minutes agoHe did not justify the killings. Why do people on the left such as yourself keep slurring others by claiming that they "support" or "justify" the attacks.
Complete boulderdash and you know it. I haven't found a single person who has done that.
Now compare that to the scenes after 9/11. In some countries there were people dancing in the streets.
That's the difference between civilized and uncivilized societies.
mattbayleaf
Today 09:11 PMRecommended by
8 peopleAnders Breivik may have a narcissistic personality disorder but his assessment of the political situation is accurate. The West is currently engaged in a war with neo-Marxism. New Socialism uses the ideology of unrestrained migration and multiculturalism to undermine the freedom, democracy, and sovereignty of nations in Europe. Their goal is to construct a single European state, which will have streamlined institutions, little democratic accountability, and all the other features of a centralized dictatorship. The war against New Socialism has been lost in this country to some extent. The voice of the majority of the electorate of England was ignored on the issue of migration by the Labour government for five years. Anyone who questioned the wisdom of an unrestrained approach towards migration was accused of racism, even though many were simply concerned about the impact migration would have on their lives, for example, at work. It is possible to respect diversity and support the idea of sending aid to Somalia, for example, while arguing for a significant reduction in the levels of migration. The reality of multiculturalism in Norway today is that there has been an increase in anti-Semitism in schools in Oslo that have large numbers of Moslem pupils. The Labour party is undermining the freedom, democracy, and sovereignty of what is a beautiful country.
____________
Các anh chị có cảm nghĩ, ý kiến, phê bình chia sẻ gì qua bài viết "Norway shootings: live" và 25 trong số "5052 comments" của đọc giả ?
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